(The original barrel length of the muzzleloaders was 40 inches, but the breechblock reduced that to 36.6 inches.) 50-70 cartridge using a 450-grain bullet and 70 grains of Fg black, resulting in 1,260 fps from the 36.6-inch barrel. 50-70 conversion was a success, and its first major action was the famous Wagon Box Fight of 1867 in present-day Wyoming, where a handful of soldiers from nearby Fort Phil Kearny, along with a few civilians, held off several hundred Indian warriors led by Lakota (Sioux) Chief Red Cloud, thanks in part to the rapid repeat fire from the cartridge rifles. 50-70 conversion went through several variations from 1866 to 1870, when both an infantry rifle and cavalry carbine were produced. The Model 1870 was replaced in 1873 by a new trapdoor Springfield, which was not a converted muzzleloader. Instead it featured a separate barrel chambered for a new.
45-caliber round, screwed into a trapdoor “action.” The. 45 cartridge was loaded with a 405-grain bullet and 70 grains of black powder for infantry rifles – the reason it became known as the.
45-70 – or 55 grains of powder for the lighter cavalry carbine.The Springfield Model 1873 used the heavily refined hinged breechblock mechanism, often referred to as the "Trapdoor" because of its hinge located ontop of the barrel which opens vertically.
This mechanism had originally been designed by Erskine S. Allin for the Springfield Model 1865 (named, occasionally, the "First Allin") and had been improved through the Model 1866 and Model 1868. The Model 1868 would also form the basis of the Model 1873, although with several significant changes. The barrel of the Model 1873 was made of a low grade steel, rather than iron as the Model 1868 (and earlier Springfields, all the way back to the Model 1795 Musket) had used. It was also given a tighter 1:22 rifling twist (producing a greater spin on the bullet than the Model 1868 was capable of) and the bore was changed to accept the smaller. 45-70 Government cartridge, which fired a.
1873 springfield trapdoor carbine parts serial number#
It has a blade front sight, Model 1873 notch and folding ladder rear sight graduated 1-5 on the base and 6-12 on the ladder, "MODEL//eagle head/crossed arrows/US" on top of the breechblock, the low serial number "5749" at the rear edge, a saddle ring and bar on the left side of the stock, "1873" below the standard Springfield markings on the lock, standard carbine "US" marked buttplate and trigger guard, and single barrel band with "U" on the right and a sling swivel.Other mechanical features to be changed from the Model 1868 included the hammer, which was rounded off (to improve the contact with the firing pin, and reduce the potential to dislodge it) and rear sight, which was changed and moved further along the barrel (improving the accuracy of the Model 1873 when using the sights). While they offered less rapid fire than the repeating arms of the era, their longer range capabilities and stronger cartridge were well suited for the battles of the era. After the battle, their carbines were gathered up by the victors and used in later battles with the U.S. Custer's men were armed with Model 1873s when they were annihilated near the Little Bighorn River. The early trapdoor carbines saw extensive use on the Great Plains and in the Southwest during the Indian War era. Springfield Model 1873 carbine was originally built in 1873, early enough to have been used at the Battle of Little Bighorn.
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